O Level Geography of Pakistan MCQs with answers
Practise O Level Geography of Pakistan (2059 Paper 2 / 0448) with 360 exam-style MCQs, each with the answer and a short explanation. Every test is marked the moment you finish and shows your score chapter by chapter, so you know what to revise next. It is free and needs no sign-up.
360 questions · 8 chapters
What each chapter covers 8 chapters
The questions follow the syllabus chapter by chapter. You can test the whole subject or one chapter at a time.
- The land of Pakistan 57 questionsLocation of Pakistan, Administrative areas and cities, Natural topography and drainage, Climate
- Natural resources 48 questionsWater, Forests, Mineral resources, Fish
- Power 36 questionsSources of power, Non-renewable power, Renewable power
- Agricultural development 44 questionsAgricultural systems, Crops and livestock, Factors affecting production and irrigation
- Industrial development 55 questionsCommon terms, Manufacturing and processing industries, Formal and informal sectors; promoting industry, Tourism
- Trade 26 questionsExports and imports, Trading partners
- Transport and telecommunications 39 questionsInternal transport, International transport, Telecommunications
- Population and employment 55 questionsPopulation structure and growth, Movements of population, Distribution and density, Employment
Sample O Level Geography of Pakistan MCQs with answers 12 questions
12 questions from the test, one or two from each chapter. Try each one, then open the answer.
1. A photograph shows snow-capped peaks, a glacier and a steep-sided valley. Which area of Pakistan is it most likely to show?
- A
the Karakoram in Gilgit-Baltistan
- B
the Indus delta near Thatta
- C
the Thar Desert in Sindh
- D
the Potwar Plateau in northern Punjab
Show answer
Answer: A. Glaciers and permanent snow are found only in the high northern mountains such as the Karakoram. The Potwar Plateau is far lower and has no glaciers.
2. Much of Karachi's piped water supply is taken from which river?
- A
the Kabul, through Warsak Dam
- B
the Jhelum, through the Mangla Dam
- C
the Indus, through Keenjhar Lake
- D
the Dasht, through the Mirani Dam
Show answer
Answer: C. Karachi draws most of its water from the Indus: a canal from Kotri Barrage feeds Keenjhar Lake, and the water is carried from there to the city. A smaller share comes from the Hub Dam on the Hab. The other rivers are far to the north or west.
3. Why is a scheme such as Tarbela described as 'multi-purpose'?
- A
it gives power, irrigation water and flood control
- B
it burns several fuels to make electricity
- C
it stores water drawn from several seas
- D
it is shared by several countries at the same time
Show answer
Answer: A. The dam generates hydel power, stores water for canals in the dry season and helps to control floods downstream. Some reservoirs also support fishing and recreation.
4. Why are yields on many small subsistence farms low?
- A
farmers cannot afford fertiliser and good seed
- B
they use too much heavy machinery on their small fields
- C
they sell too much of the crop for export
- D
they receive too much canal water
Show answer
Answer: A. With little capital, subsistence farmers use their own saved seed, little fertiliser and traditional methods, so outputs are small. Machinery and export sales are features of large commercial farms.
5. A foreign-owned hotel in Islamabad makes a profit and sends it to the company’s home country. How does this profit affect Pakistan’s GDP and GNP?
- A
it is counted in Pakistan’s GDP but not in its GNP
- B
it is counted in Pakistan’s GNP but not in its GDP
- C
it is counted in both Pakistan’s GDP and its GNP
- D
it is counted in neither Pakistan’s GDP nor its GNP
Show answer
Answer: A. GDP measures what is produced inside Pakistan, so the hotel’s output counts. GNP counts income belonging to Pakistan’s residents, so profit sent abroad to foreign owners is left out.
6. How has the type of cotton goods that Pakistan exports changed since the 1950s?
- A
a shift from garments and cloth back towards exporting raw cotton
- B
a shift from raw cotton towards yarn, cloth and garments
- C
cotton goods are no longer exported to any country at all
- D
cotton is now exported mainly as cottonseed
Show answer
Answer: B. In the early years raw cotton (and jute from East Pakistan) dominated exports. As spinning, weaving and garment industries grew, Pakistan came to export mainly processed, higher-value textiles.
7. Which natural feature makes Gwadar suitable for a large modern port?
- A
a wide river delta with sheltered creeks
- B
a large river supplying plenty of fresh water
- C
a coral reef that shelters ships from storms
- D
deep water close to the shore
Show answer
Answer: D. Gwadar, on the Makran coast of Balochistan, is a deep-sea port: deep water lies close to the shore, so large ships need much less dredging than at Port Qasim, which lies up a creek of the Indus delta. Gwadar actually suffers from a shortage of fresh water.
8. What is meant by the rate of natural increase?
- A
the birth rate plus the death rate
- B
the number of immigrants minus emigrants
- C
the birth rate minus the death rate
- D
the total population divided by the area
Show answer
Answer: C. Natural increase is the growth caused by births exceeding deaths, ignoring migration. Population divided by area is density.
9. On a very hot afternoon in May, air rises strongly over the heated ground of the Punjab plains, tall clouds build up and a short, heavy storm follows. What type of rainfall is this?
- A
convectional rain
- B
relief rain
- C
rain from a western depression
- D
monsoon rain
Show answer
Answer: A. Strong heating makes air rise, cool and condense into towering clouds, giving convectional rain with thunderstorms. Monsoon rain does not normally arrive until July.
10. Trout are caught in the streams of Swat and the Kaghan valley and reared in hatcheries there. Why are they not farmed in the ponds of southern Punjab?
- A
trout need cold, clear water rich in oxygen
- B
trout feed only on insects from forests
- C
trout can live only in salty sea water
- D
the ponds of southern Punjab are far too deep for them
Show answer
Answer: A. Trout are cold-water fish, so the warm, muddy ponds of the plains do not suit them; carp are farmed there instead.
11. Which of these is a renewable source of electricity?
- A
natural gas
- B
wind
- C
uranium (nuclear)
- D
coal
Show answer
Answer: B. Wind is renewed naturally and will not run out. Gas and coal are fossil fuels, and uranium for nuclear power is a mined mineral with limited reserves.
12. Which fruit is grown mainly in the valleys around Quetta and Pishin and in Swat, where winters are cold?
- A
dates
- B
bananas
- C
apples
- D
mangoes
Show answer
Answer: C. Apple trees need a cold winter rest, which these high valleys provide. Mangoes, bananas and dates need hot conditions and are grown in the plains.
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When you get a question wrong, a short note called "The idea behind this" explains the topic it belongs to, with the rules to remember and a worked example.
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The 360 MCQs are our own, written to the syllabus in the style of the exam.
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