FSc Part 1 Biology chapter 14: Transport MCQs with answers
By Team Megalecture · Updated 4 Nov 2026
23 exam-style questions on Transport, each with the answer and a short explanation. Ten of them are below to try. The chapter test draws ten fresh questions each time and is marked the moment you finish, with your score by topic.
Try each one, then open the answer. These ten stay the same; the test draws new ones every time.
1. According to the cohesion-tension theory, water is pulled up the xylem mainly by
A
transpiration pull, transmitted by cohesion of water molecules
B
root pressure, which pushes water up from the roots alone
C
active pumping of water by living cells of the xylem vessels
D
capillary action alone, as in a very narrow glass tube
Show answer
Answer: A. Evaporation from leaves creates tension that pulls the continuous water column, held together by hydrogen bonds between molecules.
2. A newborn baby is protected against some diseases by antibodies received from its mother across the placenta. This is
A
natural active immunity
B
artificial passive immunity
C
natural passive immunity
D
artificial active immunity
Show answer
Answer: C. The antibodies are ready-made (passive) and received naturally, so the protection is temporary and no memory cells are formed.
3. A child receives a vaccine and later becomes immune to measles. This type of immunity is
A
artificial passive
B
natural active
C
natural passive
D
artificial active
Show answer
Answer: D. A vaccine makes the body produce its own antibodies and memory cells (active), by a deliberate medical act (artificial).
4. Antibodies are produced by
A
plasma cells formed from B lymphocytes
B
platelets that release clotting factors
C
neutrophils that engulf bacteria by phagocytosis
D
cytotoxic T lymphocytes that kill infected cells
Show answer
Answer: A. Activated B cells multiply and become plasma cells that secrete antibodies (humoral immunity). T cells give cell-mediated immunity.
5. Which change would decrease the rate of transpiration?
A
a rise in temperature from 20 °C to 30 °C
B
an increase in light from dim to bright
C
an increase in wind speed from 1 to 5 m per second
D
a rise in air humidity from 40% to 80%
Show answer
Answer: D. Humid air reduces the water vapour gradient between leaf and air, so less water evaporates. The other three increase transpiration.
6. A heart beats 75 times per minute and pumps 70 mL of blood from the left ventricle at each beat. What is the cardiac output?
A
1.07 L per minute
B
5.25 L per minute
C
7.5 L per minute
D
52.5 L per minute
Show answer
Answer: B. Cardiac output = heart rate × stroke volume = 75 × 70 = 5250 mL = 5.25 L per minute.
7. The first heart sound ("lubb") is produced by
A
the closing of the semilunar valves at the start of diastole
B
blood flowing into the atria from the venae cavae
C
the closing of the atrioventricular valves
D
the opening of the atrioventricular valves as the ventricles fill
Show answer
Answer: C. The first sound ('lubb') is made when the tricuspid and bicuspid valves close at the start of ventricular contraction. The second sound ('dupp') is the closing of the semilunar valves.
8. Stomata open when
A
the guard cells lose water by osmosis, so they become flaccid
B
abscisic acid builds up in the leaf, so the guard cells become turgid
C
K+ moves into the guard cells, so water enters and they swell
D
K+ moves out of the guard cells, so water follows and they become flaccid
Show answer
Answer: C. Active uptake of K+ lowers the water potential of guard cells; water enters and their uneven walls make them bow apart.
9. A plant cell has a solute potential of −0.9 MPa and a pressure potential of +0.4 MPa. What is its water potential?
A
−1.3 MPa
B
−0.5 MPa
C
+0.5 MPa
D
+1.3 MPa
Show answer
Answer: B. Ψw = Ψs + Ψp = −0.9 + 0.4 = −0.5 MPa.
10. A gardener smears petroleum jelly on the lower surfaces of some leaves and on the upper surfaces of others. Leaves with the lower surface covered lose about 80% less water than uncovered leaves, but those with the upper surface covered lose only about 10% less. This shows that
A
most stomata are on the lower surface of the leaf
B
most stomata are on the upper surface of the leaf
C
petroleum jelly kills the guard cells of the leaf
D
the cuticle is much thicker on the lower surface
Show answer
Answer: A. Petroleum jelly blocks the stomata it covers, so a large fall in water loss when the lower surface is covered shows that most of the stomata, and so most transpiration, are on the lower surface.
23, each with the answer and a short explanation, across 2 topics: Transport in plants, Transport in humans. Every chapter test draws ten of them, so you can take it many times.
Is the FSc Part 1 Biology chapter 14 test free?
Yes. The test, the answers and the explanations are free and need no sign-up. Sign in only if you want your scores kept across devices.
How is the chapter test marked?
The moment you press Finish: your score, the right answer and an explanation for every question, and the ones you got wrong saved in My mistakes to retry.
Can I read the explanations in Urdu?
Yes. In practice mode and on your results you can switch the explanations to Urdu.
